Means for securing galvanized-iron sheets and for analogous purposes.



VANIZED IRON SHEETS AND FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20, 1913.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914 GROW;

al Mama 5/ 7 1/0 N ED TES PATENT OFFICE. 4

JOHN MITGHEIJI 'OF PONSONBY,

NEW ZEALAND, AND JOHN GEIiL, OF LONDON,

ENGLAND.

' MEANS FOR SECURING GALVANIZED-IRON SHEETS AND FOR ,A'NALOGOUS PURPOSES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Kay 20, 1913. Serial No. 768,886. I

To all whom it mag concern Be it known that we, J 01m MITCHELL, of

, Arthur street, Ponsonby, Auckland, New

Zealand, architect,-.and JOHN ZGELL, of 123 Upper 'alollington Park, London, N., England, electrical engineer, both subjectsof the King of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain newand useful Improvements Relating to Means for Securing Galvanized- Iron Sheets and for Analogous Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the means employed for securing in position corrugated sheets of galvanized iron v:Eor roofs and other structures and for a variety of other analogous-purposes and has for its object to provide an'improved fasteningwhereby-an effective water-tight joint is obtained at the fastening and the liability to denting which is experienced with ordinary nails is avoided.

The invention comprises the combination with a suitably headed nail (or screw) of a bush whichcan be inserted through the nail aperture before the nail is driven, and which, in the process of driving the nail, expands and by providing asupport between the underside ofthe sheet and the purlin the nail is-driven home.

The invention also comprises the nails, screws and fittings therefor hereinafter described or indicated. 7

Referring to the accompanying drawings: Figures 1 to 5 show various details and modifications for the complete assemblage. Fig. 1 shows a form of washer suitable for association with the head of a nail. Fig. 1 showing a plan of a similar washer with a scalloped edge; Fig. 2 shows a convenient form of nail; Fig. 3 shows a form of tapered sleeve; Fi 4 shows an elevation of a form of expanslble bush, Fig. 4* being a crosssection on the line A-B of Fig. 4. Fig. 5

shows a modified form of expansible bush having a circumferential construction. Fig.

.5 being a cross-section .on the line C1) of i Fig. 5; Fig. 6 showsa nail according to one form ready to drive. Fig. 7 showing a modification, .while Fig. 8 shows a nail in place with its bush expanded.

In oneconvenient manner .of carrying the invention into efiect, an-ordinary round wire nail, such as a (Fig. 2.) formed with a suitable head at one end, is employed. The

pointed extremity of the nail may or may.

not be reduced diameter for a sufficient length to enter the supporting bush. The bush, 1) .(Fig. 4:) preferably comprises a por- :tiOIl of brass or other metal tube of a length which is .a little .less than the distance between the crown .of a corrugation in the sheet a, and the purlin, d, (Fig. 8) or other timber to which the sheet is secured. For a suitable distance from one extremity the bush is formed with a number of longitudinal slits, e. The diameter ofthe bush is such that it will enter a slightly enlarged nail aperture in .the sheet.

According to a modified form, the bush may be provided with .a circumferential constriction, f (see Fig.5). To secure the sheet in position a bush in place on the na l as in Fig. 7, is inserted through .thenall aperture, in the crown of a corrugation 1n the sheet and the nail is driven home through the bush into .the purlin in the ordinary manner. The first efi'ect of the nail is toexpand the slit end of the bush so that it splays or spreads out beneath the undersideof the crown of the corrugation in the sheet. Continued driving of the nail forces it through the bush into the timber beneath. When the head of the nail .reaches the sheet theilatter is supported bythe extended arms of the bush beneath, as seen in Fig. 8, and

in consequence the nail can be driven tightly home without denting the sheet. A tight joint is thus obtained. A washer such as h, Fig. 1, having a central sleeve or inturned portion such as 2', is provided to cooperate with the head of the nail, and the joint may be rendered more effective by frilling or scalloping the edge of this washer as seen in Fig. 1 beneath the head of the nail or by using a washer of soft metal so that the washer can spread and adapt itself readily to the contour of the corrugation inthe sheet. The edge of the washer can be made slightly flatter than the central portion for a like object. The inturned sleeve 71, serves to preserve the correct relationship between the washer and head and stem of the nail and prevent that tilting or dislocation of the washer which frequently occurs during manufacture when the washer consists only of a plain disk having a central aperture through which the nail is inserted. The sleeve may be formed integrally with the washer by pressing up at one side a portion of the metal around the aperture as seen in Fig. 1, or it may be made as a separate member, 70, as seen in Fig. 3. A further useful result is obtained from the sleeve inasmuch as by making it with: a tapered lower part, m, .(see Fig. 3) it can enter the hole in the sheet and fill the hole and produces a tight joint there. Also the sleeve may be adapted to enter the bush if of the form shown in Fig. 5, and produce an additional expansion thereof beneath the sheet, or if the bush is of the form-shown in Fig. 4, (see also Fig. 6), the sleeve serves as the sole means of expandin the bush. It will be understood that a s eeve such as k, is

' very convenientlyused in conjunction with the integral sleeve 2' the former being slipped into position and securel in place by galvanizing. A- bush as above described isemployed with each nail.

The invention is also not limited in its application for securing corrugated sheets as it may be employed for securing other sheets and for a variety of similar purposes in which support is required .on the oppo site side of the sheet or like article to that from which the nail is driven.

The nail may have a part of less diameter 'at its lower end to pass through the constriction, f, the only essential being that the bush should be capable of expansion under the" action of the nail when in position behind the sheet orthe like, but'the use of a nail with a reduced end which can be grlppedby the bush is advantageous in the process of placing the bush in position and driving the nailv therethrough. For some purposes also the washer beneath the head maybe dispensed with, and an undercut or sol d head may be adapted to provide the requ 1red.joint between it'and the sheet. In the latter case a thickened tapered portion may be formed beneaththe head for producing extra expansion-of the bush.

Various forms of bushes may be employed, for example, they may be produced with a bore of uniform diameter as described, orv the bore "at one end, may be smaller than at the other to provide for the gripping of a reduced end of the nail. F urther, the end of the bush which is slit may I be made toa tapered configuration by pressing togetherthe parts between the slits. lt

will be understood that instead of a nail, a

screw nail may be used.

It will be seen that as regards the details of" the invention many departures may be made from the precise forms described by way of example the essential features being a bush which will splay out during the action of inserting the nail or the like with the objects set forth above.

' Having now described our invention, what we claim is new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is 1. In means for fastening metal sheets, or the like, the combination'of a metal sheet having a nail aperture, a support spaced therefrom, a nail adapted to. be driven through said aperture into said support to secure the sheetthereto, and a bush insertible through the sheet aperture to a position intermediate the sheet and support and having means to engage-and brace the sheet atits inner side. I

2. In means for fastening metal-sheets, or the like, the combination of a metal sheet having a nail aperture, a support spaced therefrom, wa nail adapted to be driven through said aperture into said support to secure'the sheet thereto, and a bush insertible through the sheet aperture and includ ing e'xpansible members to engage the inner side of the sheet to brace the former against pounding stresses. due to driving the nail home in said support.

3..In means for fastening metal sheets, or the like, the combination of a metal sheet having a nail aperture, a support spaced therefrom, a nail .adapted to be driven through said aperture into said support to secure-the sheet thereto, and a bush, intermediate the sheetand support to brace the former against pounding stresses due to driving the nail home in said support, and means on the nail to expand the bush beneath the sheet.

4:. In means for fastening metal sheets,

or the like, the combination of a metal sheet having a nail aperture, a support spaced therefrom, a nail adapted to be driven through said aperture .into saidv support to secure the sheet thereto, and means insertible through the nail aperture to assume a positionintermediate the sheet and su port and engage and brace the sheet on its inner side. I

or the like, the combination of a metal sheet therefrom, a nail adapted to be driven through said aperture intos'aid support to 5. In means for fastening metal sheets,

having a nailaperture, a support spaced secure'the sheet thereto, and a bush insertible through the sheet aperture and slitted at one end for expansion intermediate the sheet and support-to brace the former against pounding stresses due to driving the nail home in said support, and means on the nail to expand said bush.

6. In means for fastening metal sheets, or the like, the combination of a metal sheet having a nail aperture, a support spaced therefrom, a nail adapted to be driven through said aperture into said support to secure the sheet thereto, and a bush insertible through the sheet aperture and slitted at oneend for expansion intermediate the sheet and support to brace the former against pounding stresses due to driving the nail home in said support, and a washer on the nail to expand said bush.

7. In means for fastening metal sheets, or the like, the combination of a metal sheet havin a nail aperture, a support spaced there rom, a nail adapted to be driven through said aperture into said support to secure the sheet thereto, a bush inserti-ble through the sheet aperture and slitted at one end for expansion intermediate the sheet and support to brace the former against pounding stresses due to driving the nail home in said support, and a washer and sleeve element on the nail to expand the bush.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two. subscribing witnesses.

JOHN MITCHELL. J OHN- GELL.

Witnesses:

H. D. JAMEsoN, 'O. J. WORTH. 

